In 1971, the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) issued Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 215, the world's first technical standard regulating passenger car bumper design. Introduced in 1973, this regulation required vehicles to emerge unscathed from a frontal collision at 5 mph, until 1983 when the standard was lowered to 2.5 mph for the front and 1.5 mph for the corners. Europe has consistently maintained strict automotive safety standards, with detailed regulations on bumper performance in collisions and pedestrian protection.
China has formulated a series of regulations, such as "Front and Rear Protective Devices for Automobiles" (GB 17354-1998). The new regulation GB/T 17354-2024, implemented in 2025, emphasizes the maintenance of the powertrain operation after a collision in hybrid vehicles, the retention of onboard sensors after a collision, and the 20-minute quick-release technology for energy-absorbing boxes.